Location:
Located
in East Asia between the Sea of Japan and the North Pacific Ocean, Japan
is an island nation comprised of a large archipelago which extends along
the Pacific coast of Asia, and is composed of four main islands, Hokkaido,
Honshu (mainland), Shikoku, and Kyushu. There are also roughly 3,000
smaller islands that make up the archipelago, including Okinawa and
the Ryukyu islands which are located farther south. The total area of
Japan is 377, 800 square kilometers (14,869 square miles) which is approximately
the size of Germany. The topography consists mainly of rugged mountains
which make up about75 percent of the country, and due to steep elevations,
climate, and risk of landslides, they are considered unsuitable for
agricultural, industrial, and residential use. Consequently the scattered
plains and basins that border these ranges makes up about 70 percent
of the habitable zones that are found mainly in coastal areas, resulting
in an extremely high population density. These mountain ranges extend
across the archipelago from north to south, and a number of them contain
active and dormant volcanoes, among them the famous Mount Fuji which
last erupted in 1707. Japan’s location on the “Pacific Ring
of Fire” which name derives from the direct result of the movement
and collision of three tectonic plates, produces frequent tremors and
occasional volcanic activity.
Weather:
Japan
has four distinct seasons and enjoys a relatively mild and temperate
climate, with the exception of Hokkaido to the north, and the subtropical
area of Okinawa to the south.
Each season has its own characteristics, with the highest precipitation
in most areas falling during the rainy season, which runs approximately
from mid June to the end of July. June is the official start of the
rainy season, with conditions gradually becoming more humid and rainy
in the steamy month of July when temperatures can soar into the high
90’s
daily with almost 100% humidity. Most Japanese therefore have air conditioners
in their homes and offices, and if you plan to reside long term, purchasing
one for the summer months would no doubt be a wise investment. For those
who have free time to travel in the summer, an extended visit to Hokkaido
in the north which is mercifully spared a rainy season is a welcome
break from the heat of Honshu and the other islands of Japan. Many Japanese
living in the Tokyo area also take weekend getaways to the nearby mountains
of Chubu or Tohoku to escape the relentless heat. In addition to the
rain and sweltering temperatures of summer, the months of August and
early September are also considered typhoon season, when high pressure
systems formed in the tropical areas of the Western Pacific Ocean occasionally
strike Japan’s southern regions, inflicting torrential rain and
strong wind. The arrival of autumn in late September usually brings
drier conditions and a drop in temperatures. In addition to spring ,
the months of October and November are possibly the best time to visit
Japan, as most days are clear and warm, and the famous fall colors that
make an appearance are beautiful to behold. Despite the cold temperatures,
winter in Tokyo and its outlying regions can also be considered a relatively
pleasant time of year, as most days are clear and brisk, with rain or
snow falling only occasionally. It’s also an excellent season
to visit one of the numerous onsens located throughout the Japanese
countryside that accommodate the winter crowd. There are few greater
pleasures than sipping sake in a hot spring bath situated among white
covered hills as snow gently falls around you. For those who enjoy various
winter sports, the northern regions of Honshu Island such as Nagano
and Hakuba, which receive heavy snow fall are also popular destinations
for skiers and snowboarders. If you’d like to take a break from
the cold you might consider a week or two in Japan’s southern
most island of Okinawa, where winter temperatures are comparable to
those found in Hawaii. Spring has been toted as being the best time
of year to be in Japan by most travel guide books, and for good reason.
The temperatures are warm but not hot, and rainfall is sparse, with
only occasional showers falling in late evening. The first week of April
also brings with it the famous cherry blossom season that is one of
the most magical times of year in Japan, with many cherry blossom viewing
events and festivals taking place throughout the country.